Monday, March 16, 2020
Sunday, March 15, 2020
Reading: What is Lace?
Lace is an airy and delicate fabric made of fine threads stitched into patterns. Lace is used to add beauty to many of the things we wear and use. It may be made by hand or by machine.
The first true hand-made lace was probably made in Italy in the middle of the 1500’s. Very soon afterward, laces were being made in France. Today hand-made lace is made chiefly in Italy and Belgium. Machine-made lace is produced in England. France, and the United States.
Hand-made lace is usually made by one of two methods: needle-point or bobbin. Needlepoint lace is made by drawing the design on a thick piece of paper backed by linen. The outline of the pattern is stitched onto the paper. The stitching is used as a framework on which the lacemaker works with a needle and single thread, building up the pattern with looped stitches. When the work is completed, the framework stitches are clipped and the lace is lifted off the pattern.
Bobbin lace is made with a large number of threads, each fastened to a bobbin (spool). The pattern is drawn on paper, and the paper is fastened onto a cushion. Then pins are stuck into the cushion to keep the threads in position while the lace is being made. The lace is made with a pair of bobbins in each hand. These are moved from side to side to twist or interlace the threads. As the work progresses, the pins are moved farther along.
Chantilly lace is a bobbin lace that has vine or spray patterns on a mesh ground; it is often used on evening dresses and bridal veils. Cluny lace is a fairly coarse bobbin lace; it is often used to trim chil-dren’s dresses and household linens.
Source: Lots More Tell Me Why by Arkady Leokum
The first true hand-made lace was probably made in Italy in the middle of the 1500’s. Very soon afterward, laces were being made in France. Today hand-made lace is made chiefly in Italy and Belgium. Machine-made lace is produced in England. France, and the United States.
Hand-made lace is usually made by one of two methods: needle-point or bobbin. Needlepoint lace is made by drawing the design on a thick piece of paper backed by linen. The outline of the pattern is stitched onto the paper. The stitching is used as a framework on which the lacemaker works with a needle and single thread, building up the pattern with looped stitches. When the work is completed, the framework stitches are clipped and the lace is lifted off the pattern.
Bobbin lace is made with a large number of threads, each fastened to a bobbin (spool). The pattern is drawn on paper, and the paper is fastened onto a cushion. Then pins are stuck into the cushion to keep the threads in position while the lace is being made. The lace is made with a pair of bobbins in each hand. These are moved from side to side to twist or interlace the threads. As the work progresses, the pins are moved farther along.
Chantilly lace is a bobbin lace that has vine or spray patterns on a mesh ground; it is often used on evening dresses and bridal veils. Cluny lace is a fairly coarse bobbin lace; it is often used to trim chil-dren’s dresses and household linens.
Source: Lots More Tell Me Why by Arkady Leokum
Tuesday, March 10, 2020
Spanish-English: palabras que indican en inglés Brillar con luz intermitente.
glitter vi Icon una luz fuerte y brillante que viene He distintos
puntosl relucir, brillar The lake glittered in the sunshine.
El lago resplandecfa bajo el sol Jcuando se aplica a los ojos implica un
sentimiento hostil o maliciosol Her eyes glittered with resentment.
Sus ojos brillaban He
resenlimienio.
flash vi
Icon una luz brillante v repentinal destellar She flashed her headlights at him. Le dio las luces (largas). flash sn
destello
glimmer vi
Icon una luz inestable y suave I brillar con luz tremula His torch
glimmered at the end of the tunnel La luz de su linterna
brillaba tremula al final del tunel. glimmer sn
luz tremula
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shimmer vi Iron una lu/ retlejada,
inestable y suave. Norml. se utiliza en contcxtos apreciativos] relucir Her silk
dress shimmered as she walked Su vestido de seda
relucia al caminar.
twinkle w Ibrillar intermitentemente. Free, implica
alegria] centellear Stars twinkled in the sky. Las estrellas centelleaban en el
< ielo. His eves twinkled with mirth. Sus ojos brillaban de jubilo.
|
sparkle vi centellear,
destellar Her eyes sparkled with delight.
Le brillaban los ojos de regocijo. sparkling
wine vino espumoso
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Soure: Cambridge Word Selector
READING: : Do Insects Have Blood?
As we look at living creatures much smaller
than ourselves, many of us imagine that they must lack the organs and
functions that we have. How can something as tiny as an insect have a heart?
How can it have a circulatory system and blood in its tiny body?
But the miracle of life is not only that these
creatures have organs, but that these organs are perfect for each insect’s
way of life.
Adult insects have bodies with three sections:
head, thorax, and abdomen. The head has a pair of antennae in front that are
feelers, and that usually have some tiny organs of smell. The eyes and mouth are
part of the head, too.
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Not only docs an insect have a heart, but it also has
blood and a circulatory system. The blood passes into the heart by means of
holes equipped with valves. When the heart contracts, these holes close, and
the blood is driven out through the arteries. Insects don’t have a system of
capillaries and veins as we do.
The reason their circulatory system is not greatly
developed is that they don’t depend on the circulation of the blood for their
supply of oxygen. In our bodies, as you know, the blood carries oxygen to
every part and enables it to function.
But insects have a different system of breathing. They
have tiny branching tubes that end in little air holes in the sides of the
body. The air comes in right from the surface of the body and goes directly
to the cells.
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A more complicated system would be too much for their
size. On the other hand, a simple system like theirs wouldn’t be enough for
larger animals. It’s not too bad a system, though, considering that more than
half of all living animals have it!
Did you know that one name for an insect is hexapod? The
term is from two Greek words meaning “six” and “foot.” If you count the feet
of an insect, you can sec why hexapod is a good way to describe most insects.
The legs are usually in three pairs, and are attached to the thorax.
There are thousands and thousands of different species of
insects, among them some of man’s best friends as well as some of his worst
enemies.
Source: Lot More Tell Me Why by Leokum, Arkady; Koehler, Cynthia Iliff, ill; Koehler, Alvin, ill
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